Sistem Operasi HAIKU / HAIKU OS

<div class="MsoNormal"> <div style="text-align: center;"> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4dD1vCwp1lo6FwEZLlYGdDfBkWJinGfM48NsU2rkBvUxC10nbKVbnIuDTVsj2rfhlbI6V15hkmq-_RvIkXhXinwO4SucPChUg7Gf7j_RK0CcI8aRycs_FcI5ZvliCrYthyphenhyphen31TOF24dKI/s1600/haikuv2.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="160" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4dD1vCwp1lo6FwEZLlYGdDfBkWJinGfM48NsU2rkBvUxC10nbKVbnIuDTVsj2rfhlbI6V15hkmq-_RvIkXhXinwO4SucPChUg7Gf7j_RK0CcI8aRycs_FcI5ZvliCrYthyphenhyphen31TOF24dKI/s320/haikuv2.jpg" width="400" /></a></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left;"> <b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><br /></span></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left;"> <b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">SEJARAH HAIKU</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">  adalah satu-satunya sistem operasi yang mungkin dapat mengalahkan Windows dan Mac OS, dan perusahaan pembuatnya, Be, Inc., perusahaan terakhir yang berani bersaing dengan Microsoft dan Apple secara langsung.<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">tahun 1990, Jean Louis Gassée, kepala bagian advanced product development and worldwide marketing perusahaan komputer Apple, keluar dari Apple dan membuat perusahaan baru yang bernama Be, Inc. bersama developer Apple Newton, Steve Sakoman. Tujuan dari Be adalah membuat platform hardware baru dengan sistem operasi baru yang tidak terikat isu backwards compatibility dan dirancang untuk multiprocessing.Be pun mulai membuat prototipe platform perangkat keras mereka yang disebut BeBox. Perangkat ini berbasiskan processor AT&T Hobbit. Pada akhir 1990 hingga awal 1991,beberapa mantan pegawai Apple bergabung dengan Be. Bahkan, Benoit Schillings, salah satu key developer pengembangan BeOS, mungkin adalah satu-satunya pegawai Be yang tidak berasal dari Apple.<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Sekitar tahun 1992, sistem operasi ini memiliki kemampuan multiprocessing dan multitasking, serta shell berupa command line interface tanpa dukungan grafis. Windowing system yang sudah ada umumnya terlalu kompleks sehingga akhirnya Benoit Schillings membuat windowing system sendiri, yang dioptimasi untuk kernel Be dan BeBox sehingga performanya luar biasa.Be mengadakan kontes untuk nama sistem operasi mereka, namun akhirnya tetap dinamakan Be Operating System atau BeOS.<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">pada 1994, AT&T menghentikan produksi processor Hobbit. Maka BeBox beserta sistem operasi yang diusungnya pun harus di-port untuk arsitektur processor yang berbeda — pilihan jatuh pada PowerPC. Pada transisi ini, Joseph Palmer seorang diri merancang BeBox dengan PowerPC berdasarkan pada PowerPC Reference Platform dan I/O System, meskipun dianggap ketinggalan zaman. Namun menurut Palmer, saat bekerja di Apple, ia menyadari bahwa yang membuat Mac banyak digunakan adalah kemudahan software, bukan rancangan hardware. Pengguna bahkan mungkin tidak menyadari adanya perubahan arsitektur. sebelum Palmer selesai membangun BeBox berbasis PowerPC. Pada waktu itu juga Brad Taylor mengimplementasikan TCP/IP stack dan perangkat FTP.<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Tahun 1995, BeBox pun diluncurkan ke publik, seminggu setelah Microsoft merilis Windows 95. BeBox mendapat sambutan hangat. BeOS berjalan dengan cepat dan halus, dan bahkan memiliki kemampuan multitasking handal yang belum dimiliki Mac ataupun Windows. Mac pada saat itu bahkan belum mengimplementasikan preemptive multitasking dan protected memory. Namun pada tahun 1996 Be mulai mengalami kejatuhan. BeBox berhenti diproduksi, dan Be hanya berfokus pada software.<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Pada tahun 1997, keadaan semakin buruk bagi Be. Steve Jobs tidak memperbolehkan BeOS sebagai optional install seperti dulu, dan menolak memberikan spesifikasi G3 kepada Be, sehingga Be tidak dapat membuat port BeOS yang dapat berjalan pada hardware baru Apple tersebut. Tampaknya Apple tak berani bersaing dengan Be. BeOS pun terpaksa di-porting ke Intel. Tahun 1998, Be merilis BeOS pertama yang dapat berjalan pada PowerPC maupun x86.<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">BeOS pun mati. BeOS dibeli oleh Palm, kemudian berpindah tangan ke Access. Sistem operasi yang berpotensi mengalahkan Mac dan Windows, kini bahkan tidak ada versi paling sederhana sekalipun yang tersedia untuk diunduh. Sejak saat itu, sistem operasi lain selain Mac dan Windows pun juga berjatuhan.<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Sekarang projek BeOS dihentikan karena gagal dalam mengkomersilkan dirinya. BeOS merupakan sistem operasi yang berjalan pada arsitektur PowerPC namun pada penghujung usianya BeOS telah berhasil di porting ke platform X86 dan Haiku merupakan Projek yang betul-betul baru dan tidak memilki keterkaitan source code dengan BeOS, Haiku merupakan salah satu proyek open source, Haiku ditulis dengan C++ dengan menyediakan banyak object-oriented API. HAIKU masih dalam tahap praAlpha sehingga untuk menjalankan dibutuhkan Aplikasi Virtual seperti Qemu atau Vmware.<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Haiku dikembangkan oleh komunitas pengembang sukarelawan dari seluruh dunia. Selain itu, Haiku juga ada berkat dukungan komunitas berdedikasi yang sungguh-sungguh. Haiku Inc, Sebuah organisasi nirlaba yang didirikan oleh Michael Phipps.<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">pada 2001 setelah BeOS dibeli oleh Palm, Inc. dan pengembangan BeOS dihentikan. Fokus pengembangan proyek OpenBeOS untuk mendukung pengguna BeOS, melalui pengganti BeOS yang kompatibel dan terbuka (opensource)<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Pada 2004 nama baru dipilih untuk menghindari pelanggaran hak nama Palm. Proyek ini dikendalikan oleh Haiku Incorporated, sebuah perusahaan nirlaba di New York<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <br /></div> </div> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; text-align: left; width: 508px;"> <tbody> <tr style="height: 1.25pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;"> <td style="height: 1.25pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Perusahaan / pengembang<o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> <td style="height: 1.25pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">: Haiku Project<o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height: 1.25pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;"> <td style="height: 1.25pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Keluarga<o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> <td style="height: 1.25pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">: BeOS<o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height: 1.25pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;"> <td style="height: 1.25pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Status terkini<o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> <td style="height: 1.25pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">: Alpha<o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height: 1.25pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;"> <td style="height: 1.25pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Model sumber<o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> <td style="height: 1.25pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">: Free and open source software<o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height: 1.25pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;"> <td style="height: 1.25pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Rilis perdana<o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> <td style="height: 1.25pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">: OpenBeOS: 2002<o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height: 1.25pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;"> <td style="height: 1.25pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Rilis tak-stabil terkini<o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> <td style="height: 1.25pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">: R1 Alpha 4.1 / 12 November 2012<o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height: 7.35pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;"> <td style="height: 7.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Target pemasaran<o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> <td style="height: 7.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">: Personal computer<o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height: 5.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;"> <td style="height: 5.75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Ketersediaan bahasa<o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> <td style="height: 5.75pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">: Multilingual<o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height: 18.35pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8;"> <td style="height: 18.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Dukungan platform<o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> <td style="height: 18.35pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">: IA-32, ARM, x86-64<o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height: 27.65pt; mso-yfti-irow: 9;"> <td style="height: 27.65pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Jenis kernel<o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> <td style="height: 27.65pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">: Hybrid<o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height: 24.85pt; mso-yfti-irow: 10;"> <td style="height: 24.85pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Antarmuka bawaan<o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> <td style="height: 24.85pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">: OpenTracker<o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height: 15.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 11;"> <td style="height: 15.5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Lisensi<o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> <td style="height: 15.5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><br /> : MIT License  & Be Sample Code License<o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height: 9.85pt; mso-yfti-irow: 12; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"> <td style="height: 9.85pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Situs web resmi<o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> <td style="height: 9.85pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">: haiku-os.org <o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <br /></div> </div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <br /></div> </div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: left;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi60VqZWk0zH5Q2qOSBIHosOxDYlv2rBXVMVlJ4n0XIde_K3cwBiMwIJ_EcR_hMjRtzoHMa2yUmGGdc-5YdbD92m6Pqdb3_24d6QDUhwD_Mhkq8ctckvlEQ9bGhbY_SJBIF_0QjxPssjlw/s1600/400px-Beostru+%25281%2529.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="149" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi60VqZWk0zH5Q2qOSBIHosOxDYlv2rBXVMVlJ4n0XIde_K3cwBiMwIJ_EcR_hMjRtzoHMa2yUmGGdc-5YdbD92m6Pqdb3_24d6QDUhwD_Mhkq8ctckvlEQ9bGhbY_SJBIF_0QjxPssjlw/s320/400px-Beostru+%25281%2529.PNG" width="320" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Arsitektur BeOS</td></tr> </tbody></table> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <span style="color: #4f81bd; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 22.0pt; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Beberapa fitur lain dari Haiku yang dikembangkan antara lain:<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">App/Interface – Mengembangkan tampilan interface, Aplikasi dan Support kits<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">BFS – Be File System<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Game – Game Kit dan APIs.<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Input Server – Server yang menangani perangkat input seperti keyboard dan mouse.<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Kernel – Inti sistem operasi<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Media – Mengembangkan audio server beserta APIs.<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">MIDI – Mengimplementasikan protokol MIDI.<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Network – Driver untuk perlengkapan networkbeserta API.<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">OpenGL – Dukungan OpenGL.<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Printing – Dukungan Print-server dan driver untuk printer.<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Screen Saver – Tampilan screen saver.<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Storage – Mengembangkan driver untuk urusan penyimpanan data beserta driver  filesystem<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Translation – Dukungan module driver untukfile formt yang berbeda.<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <br /></div> </div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <br /></div> </div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgW70MqaVx582LZlOQtYxULL96D-yr0S19E3KC0S_K6hHegSbHBVb6h2MoioXmOxfJD7OImHNMLWn2islgD0IEm0HS9oabXpzWuTnvByWQag7FnIIClc4d1gr0hojkCeG0L7sj5hqcXhLQ/s1600/haiku.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgW70MqaVx582LZlOQtYxULL96D-yr0S19E3KC0S_K6hHegSbHBVb6h2MoioXmOxfJD7OImHNMLWn2islgD0IEm0HS9oabXpzWuTnvByWQag7FnIIClc4d1gr0hojkCeG0L7sj5hqcXhLQ/s320/haiku.png" width="320" /></a></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <br /></div> </div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <br /></div> </div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><b>Pengenalan Haiku</b><o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Haiku, sebelumnya dikenal sebagai OpenBeOS, adalah sebuah proyek sistem operasi open source untuk menciptakan Be Operating System pada komputer x86 dan PowerPC. Dimulai sebagai "OpenBeOS" pada 2001 setelah Be dibeli oleh Palm, Inc. dan BeOS tidak lagi dilanjutkan. Pada 2004 nama baru dipilih untuk menghindari pelanggaran hak nama Palm. Proyek ini dikendalikan oleh Haiku Incorporated, sebuah perusahaan nirlaba di New York.<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left; text-indent: 36pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Haiku adalah sebuah sistem operasi open source yang saat ini dalam pembangunan yang target khusus komputasi personal. Terinspirasi oleh Be Operating System, Haiku bertujuan untuk menjadi cepat, efisien, mudah digunakan, mudah dipelajari dan sangat kuat namun sistem untuk komputer pengguna dari semua tingkatan.<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #4f81bd; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 22.0pt; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Menyoroti kunci yang membedakan Haiku dari sistem operasi lain meliputi:<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Spesifik fokus pada komputasi personal<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Custom kernel dirancang untuk tanggap<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Fully threaded desain untuk efisiensi besar dengan CPU multi-processor/core<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Kaya OO API untuk pengembangan lebih cepat<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Database-seperti sistem berkas (OpenBFS) dengan dukungan untuk diindeks metadata<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Unified, kohesif antarmuka<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <br /></div> </div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 18.0pt;"> </div> <div style="text-align: left;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; text-indent: 18pt;">Jadi HAIKU Sistem Operasi yang progresif memperkenalkan konsep-konsep dan teknologi yang kami percaya mewakili yang ideal berarti sederhana dan efisien untuk komputasi personal. Haiku adalah realisasi dari konsep-konsep dan teknologi dalam bentuk sistem operasi yang merupakan open source dan gratis.</span></div> </div> <div style="text-align: left;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div> </div> <!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--> <!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span> <br /> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 18.0pt;"> </div> <div style="text-align: left;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; text-indent: 18pt;">Haiku dikembangkan oleh komunitas yang tumbuh pengembang sukarelawan dari seluruh dunia. Selain itu, juga Haiku ada berkat dukungan berdedikasi yang sungguh-sungguh dan ramah masyarakat, dan bahwa dari Haiku Inc, sebuah organisasi nirlaba yang didirikan oleh mantan pemimpin proyek Michael Phipps dengan tujuan untuk mendukung pengembangan Haiku serta pertumbuhan baik dari masyarakat dan Haiku platform.</span></div> </div> <div style="text-align: left;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div> </div> <!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--> <!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span> <br /> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 18.0pt;"> </div> <div style="text-align: left;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; text-indent: 18pt;">Be OS memperkenalkan konsep progresif dan teknologi yang mewakili idealitas dari komputer dekstop. Haiku akan menjadi realisasi konsep-konsep ini dan teknologi dalam bentuk sistem operasi yang open source dan gratis.</span></div> </div> <div style="text-align: left;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div> </div> <!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--> <!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span> <br /> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left; text-indent: 18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Haiku dibuat sebagian besar oleh sukarelawan di dunia pada waktu senggang. Pengembangan Haiku dipimpin oleh Haiku Inc, perusahaan non-profit yang dibangun oleh project leader sebelumnya yaitu Michael Phipps.<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <br /></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #4f81bd; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 22.0pt; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">System Requirements<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Haiku hanya bekerja on x86 systems.<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">minimal memory 128MB Dan 1GB of memory is recommended<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Haiku dapat bekerja minimal di CPU's Pentium II 400MH<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Membutuhkan minimal 600MB of drive space. <o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left; text-indent: 18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">OS dari BeOS atau HAIKU adalah Sistem operasi ini merupakan salah satu jenis sistem operasi yang bersifat Open Sourche. Dimana OS BeOS atau HAIKU ini pada jamannya sangat dikenal sebagai OS yang memiliki arsitektur yang kuat untuk menjalankan multimedia, mendukung multiprosesor, mendukung 64 journaling file sistem. Bukannya hanya itu saja OS ini pada masa itu mengalami perkembangan ynag sangat pesat yang dapat dilihat dari segi penggunanya. Slaah satu ketertarikan dari SOBeOS ini adalah tidak memiliki keterkaitan dengan sourche code. Dan saat itu SO BeOS ini memiliki saingan yang tidak tertandingi dari beberapa perusahann besar OS seperti MC-OS, APPLE, dan juga Microsoft Corporation hal ini merupakan suatu keistimewann sendiri bagi Jean Louis Gassée pendiri utama Be,Inc. Jean berasal dari suatu perusahaan Aplle dia keluar dari perushahaan tersebut dan membangun sebuah perusahan baru yang memberikan dampak besar dalam sejarah Sistem Operasi. Adapun Tujuan dari Be adalah membuat platform hardware baru dengan sistem operasi baru yang tidak terikat isu backwards compatibility dan dirancang untuk multiprocessing.<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #4f81bd; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 22pt; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Kelebihan:<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Arsitektur yang kuat untuk multimedia<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">mendukung multiprosesor<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">mendukung 64 journaling file sistem.<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Fokus utama pada Personal Computer<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Kernel yang dirancang untuk lebih responsif/tanggap<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Sepenuhnya dirancang untuk efisiensi yang tinggi dengan dukungan multi processor/Core<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Diperkaya dengan OO API untuk pengembangan yang cepat.<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Database, seperti Sistem File (OpenBFS) dengan dukungan Metadata terindeks<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Terpadu, serta antarmuka yang saling terhubung<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 39pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #4f81bd; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 22pt; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Kekurangan:<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 75pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Hanya dapat digunakan pada Hardware modern (BeBOX)<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> <div style="text-align: left;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 75pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "courier new"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">»<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Untuk menjalankannya dibutuhkan Aplikasi Virtual seperti Qemu atau Vmware<o:p></o:p></span></div> </div> </div> </div>

Sistem Operasi HAIKU / HAIKU OS

SEJARAH HAIKU   adalah satu-satunya sistem operasi yang mungkin dapat mengalahkan Windows dan Mac OS, dan perusahaan pembuatnya, Be...

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tugas PSO BAB2

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghV796QnaWeWZvTcEBR1MlHWEwOFvXIvhpVcMBRhSAD9Bj1f6_OBO2MMy7exiusfvdgIK4XlLqEFV9GvW3JnKi7U-sxcnSPlzPh8sLAunP2JB_SmbeKZ0ecvUCEZoSmk8cOgSKVWjpZ3o/s1600/tampilan+awal+BAB2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="358" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghV796QnaWeWZvTcEBR1MlHWEwOFvXIvhpVcMBRhSAD9Bj1f6_OBO2MMy7exiusfvdgIK4XlLqEFV9GvW3JnKi7U-sxcnSPlzPh8sLAunP2JB_SmbeKZ0ecvUCEZoSmk8cOgSKVWjpZ3o/s640/tampilan+awal+BAB2.jpg" width="640" /></a></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #4f82bc; font-family: "symbol"; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #4f82bc; font-family: "symbol"; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Layanan (Service) Sistem Operasi <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #4f82bc; font-family: "symbol"; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Antarmuka pengguna Sistem Operasi <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #4f82bc; font-family: "symbol"; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Sistem Calls <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #4f82bc; font-family: "symbol"; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Tipe-Tipe Sistem Call <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #4f82bc; font-family: "symbol"; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Program Sistem <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #4f82bc; font-family: "symbol"; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Perancangan dan Implementasi Operasi Sistem <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #4f82bc; font-family: "symbol"; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Struktur Sistem Operasi <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #4f82bc; font-family: "symbol"; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Virtual Machine <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #4f82bc; font-family: "symbol"; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Generasi Sistem Operasi</span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> <o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #4f82bc; font-family: "symbol"; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Boot Sistem</span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> </span></b><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" /> <o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #4f82bc; font-family: "symbol"; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Layanan (Service) Sistem Operasi <o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 70.9pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">   </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Satu set layanan (service) sistem operasi menyediakan fungsi yang membantu pengguna: <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #5b9bd5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">User interface - Hampir semua sistem operasi memiliki antarmuka pengguna (UI)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 155.95pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -29.95pt;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">          </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Bervariasi antara Command-Line (CLI), Grafik User Interface (GUI), Batch <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #5b9bd5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Eksekusi program - Sistem harus dapat memuat program ke memori dan menjalankan program, mengakhiri eksekusi, secara normal atau abnormal (menunjukkan kesalahan)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #5b9bd5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Operasi I/O - program berjalan mungkin memerlukan I/O, yang mungkin melibatkan file atau peranti I/O. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 155.95pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -28.35pt;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #5b9bd5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">          </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Manipulasi File sistem - Program perlu membaca dan menulis file dan direktori, membuat dan menghapus mereka, pencarian mereka, daftar file Informasi, manajemen izin. Layanan Sistem Operasi (Lanj.) <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 113.4pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #5b9bd5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">   </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Komunikasi - Proses dapat bertukar informasi, pada komputer yang sama atau antara komputer melalui jaringan <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 155.95pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -29.95pt;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">          </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Komunikasi dapat melalui memori bersama atau melalui message passing (paket dipindahkan oleh OS)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 113.4pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Deteksi kesalahan - OS perlu selalu menyadari kemungkinan kesalahan <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 2.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Dapat terjadi di CPU dan perangkat keras memori, peranti I/O, dalam program pengguna • Untuk setiap jenis kesalahan, OS harus mengambil tindakan yang sesuai untuk memastikan komputasi yang benar dan konsisten<o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 2.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Fasilitas Debugging dapat sangat meningkatkan pengguna dan kemampuan programmer untuk efisien menggunakan sistem Layanan Sistem Operasi (Lanj.) <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 70.9pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">   </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Set lain dari fungsi OS untuk menjamin operasi yang efisien dari sistem itu sendiri melalui pembagian sumber daya <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 106.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Alokasi sumber daya - Ketika multiple user atau beberapa pekerjaan berjalan bersamaan, sumber daya harus dialokasikan untuk masing-masing <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 134.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo4; text-indent: -19.2pt;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #9cc2e5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Banyak jenis sumber daya - Beberapa (seperti siklus CPU, memoriu tama, dan penyimpanan file) mungkin memiliki kode alokasi khusus, yang lain (seperti peranti I/O) mungkin punya permintaan umum dan rilis kode. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 106.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Akuntansi - Untuk melacak pengguna mana yang menggunakan berapa banyak dan apa jenisnya dari sumber daya komputer <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 106.35pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Proteksi dan keamanan - Pemilik informasi yang disimpan dalam sebuah sistem komputer multiuser atau jaringan mungkin ingin mengontrol penggunaan informasi tersebut, proses konkuren tidak boleh saling mengganggu <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 134.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level2 lfo5; text-indent: -21.3pt;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #9cc2e5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Proteksi/Perlindungan melibatkan memastikan bahwa semua akses ke sumber daya sistem dikendalikan <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 134.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level2 lfo5; text-indent: -21.3pt;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #9cc2e5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Keamanan sistem dari luar memerlukan otentikasi pengguna, diperluas untuk mempertahankan peranti I/O eksternal dari upaya akses tidak valid <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 134.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level2 lfo5; text-indent: -21.3pt;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #9cc2e5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">       </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Jika sistem harus dilindungi dan supaya aman, tindakan pencegahan harus dilembagakan keseluruhan. Sebuah rantai hanya sekuat pada hubungan yang terlemah<o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 107%;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" /> </span> </span><br /> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 107%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #4f82bc; font-family: "symbol"; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Antarmuka pengguna Sistem Operasi (CLI)<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 113.4pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">   </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">CLI memungkinkan pemasukan perintah langsung :<o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 155.95pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -28.35pt;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">          </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Kadang-kadang diimplementasikan di kernel, kadang-kadang oleh program sistem <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 155.95pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -28.35pt;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">          </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Kadang-kadang beberapa selera diimplementasikan – shells<o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 155.95pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -28.35pt;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">          </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Utamanya mengambil perintah dari pengguna dan mengeksekusinya <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJXce0D1wMTt9H93zDOunUbTzsCeKH6w4F42OngQ4h-AP_HnZIEYQj5UbAfvcLw8xkIwUAZ2S_bTjrc-coJ11mVMhrxQSzbLExonX1EkSDzowkfWI3ahyphenhyphenqjN4hgtRvthdf0j-Sf1bncbo/s1600/BAB2+TABEL.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="176" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJXce0D1wMTt9H93zDOunUbTzsCeKH6w4F42OngQ4h-AP_HnZIEYQj5UbAfvcLw8xkIwUAZ2S_bTjrc-coJ11mVMhrxQSzbLExonX1EkSDzowkfWI3ahyphenhyphenqjN4hgtRvthdf0j-Sf1bncbo/s640/BAB2+TABEL.jpg" width="640" /></a></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 155.95pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -28.35pt;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #9cc2e5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">          </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Kadang-kadang perintah built-in, kadang-kadang hanya nama program – Jika yang terakhir, menambahkan fitur baru tidak memerlukan modifikasi shell</span></span><br /> <span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Linux</span></span><br /> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo6; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">   </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">MS-DOS<br /> Shell-nya adalah COMMAND.COM<o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 107%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #4f82bc; font-family: "symbol"; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Sistem Calls <o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Antarmuka pemrograman untuk layanan yang diberikan oleh OS:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level3 lfo1; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #9cc2e5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Biasanya ditulis dalam bahasa tingkat tinggi (C atau C + +) <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Sebagian besar diakses oleh program melalui Application Program Interface (API) tingkat-tinggi daripada menggunakan sistem direct call<o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Tiga API yang paling umum adalah: <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level3 lfo1; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #9cc2e5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Win32 API untuk Windows<o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level3 lfo1; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #9cc2e5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">POSIX API untuk sistem berbasis POSIX (termasuk hampir semua versi UNIX, Linux, dan Mac OS X), dan<o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level3 lfo1; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #9cc2e5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Java API untuk Java virtual machine (JVM)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 72.4pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Mengapa menggunakan API daripada system calls? <br /> (Catatan bahwa nama-nama sistem call yang digunakan di seluruh teks ini adalah generik)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 107%;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" /> </span> </span><br /> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 107%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 70.9pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Contoh Sistem Calls <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 113.4pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level2 lfo9; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -21.25pt;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Urutan system call sequence untuk mengkopi isi dari satu file ke file lain:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1ulrCZ3zeAC68XJkS0L1Mqg56jQjuBX3_QR_1qmWss_FLSBcYydROtH1LyOzMrALODdJ1tlPivHojPxAL8CY_WqNLHe9Vd20scWxt61BpunlGpycztRSeb7giBbTeMjeg6nbUpin-ReI/s1600/_PIC1_BAB2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1ulrCZ3zeAC68XJkS0L1Mqg56jQjuBX3_QR_1qmWss_FLSBcYydROtH1LyOzMrALODdJ1tlPivHojPxAL8CY_WqNLHe9Vd20scWxt61BpunlGpycztRSeb7giBbTeMjeg6nbUpin-ReI/s320/_PIC1_BAB2.jpg" width="320" /></a></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 70.9pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: .5in;"> <span lang="IN" style="color: #4f82bc; font-family: "symbol"; font-size: large; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><b style="font-size: x-large; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Tipe-Tipe System Calls</span></b></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Kontrol proses<o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Manajemen file<o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Manajemen peranti <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Pemeliharaan informasi <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Komunikasi<o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 107%;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" /> </span> </span><br /> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 107%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: .5in;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #4f82bc; font-family: "symbol"; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">System Programs </span></b><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Program sistem menyediakan lingkungan yang nyaman untuk pengembangan program dan eksekusi. Ini dapat dibagi menjadi:</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level3 lfo1; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #9cc2e5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Manipulasi Berkas </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level3 lfo1; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #9cc2e5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Informasi status </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level3 lfo1; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #9cc2e5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Modifikasi File </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level3 lfo1; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #9cc2e5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Dukungan bahasa pemrograman </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level3 lfo1; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #9cc2e5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Pemuatan dan eksekusi program (program loading dan execution) </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level3 lfo1; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #9cc2e5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Komunikasi </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level3 lfo1; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #9cc2e5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Program aplikasi </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 72.4pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Pengguna sebagian besar memandang tampilan sistem operasi didefinisikan oleh program sistem, bukan sistem call sebenarnya</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 108.4pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo10; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #9cc2e5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Solaris 10 dtrace Following System Call</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIA3vIeo1vRocLQZ3oEw4yDAvZwhf-Fkm8JGd6IrVdn-SmT0nz_5rsPLGJTE7Nrt_Gdr7Z7_mULVwvFdshJEtpszA5A9x3cWBYi6gAZNKGG0MZJMxbQUQxPkje0cL7n6Babp_8Oskn-lM/s1600/_PIC2_BAB2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIA3vIeo1vRocLQZ3oEw4yDAvZwhf-Fkm8JGd6IrVdn-SmT0nz_5rsPLGJTE7Nrt_Gdr7Z7_mULVwvFdshJEtpszA5A9x3cWBYi6gAZNKGG0MZJMxbQUQxPkje0cL7n6Babp_8Oskn-lM/s400/_PIC2_BAB2.jpg" width="340" /></a></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 108.4pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: .5in;"> <br /></div> <span style="font-size: large;"> </span><br /> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 107%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 108.4pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: .5in;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #4f82bc; font-family: "symbol"; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">System Programs </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level2 lfo11; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Menyediakan lingkungan yang nyaman untuk pengembangan dan eksekusi program </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level2 lfo11; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Beberapa darinya hanya user interface untuk sistem call lainnya jauh lebih kompleks </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level2 lfo11; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Manajemen file - Membuat, menghapus, menyalin, mengubah nama, mencetak, dump, daftar, dan umumnya memanipulasi file dan direktori </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level2 lfo11; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Informasi status </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level2 lfo11; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Beberapa meminta sistem untuk informasi - tanggal, waktu, jumlah memori yang tersedia, ruang disk, jumlah pengguna </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level2 lfo11; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Lainnya menyediakan informasi rincian performa, logging, dan debugging </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level2 lfo11; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Biasanya, program-program ini memformat dan mencetak output ke terminal atau perangkat output lainnya </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level2 lfo11; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Beberapa sistem menerapkan registri - digunakan untuk menyimpan dan mengambil informasi konfigurasi<o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 107%;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" /> </span> </span><br /> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 107%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #4f82bc; font-family: "symbol"; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Desain and Implementasi Sistem Operasi </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Desain dan Implementasi OS tidak “solvable", tetapi beberapa pendekatan telah terbukti sukses </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Struktur internal Sistem Operasi yang berbeda dapat sangat bervariasi </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Mulailah dengan menentukan tujuan dan spesifikasi </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Dipengaruhi oleh pilihan perangkat keras, jenis sistem </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Tujuan User dan tujuan System </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level2 lfo13; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #9cc2e5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Tujuan User - sistem operasi harus nyaman digunakan, mudah dipelajari, dapat diandalkan, aman, dan cepat </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level2 lfo13; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #9cc2e5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Tujuan System - sistem operasi harus mudah untuk dirancang, diimplementasikan, dan dipelihara, serta fleksibel, handal, bebas kesalahan, dan efisien Desain and Implementasi Sistem Operasi (Lanj.) </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Prinsip penting untuk memisahkan </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level2 lfo13; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #9cc2e5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Kebijakan (Policy): Apa yang akan dilakukan? </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level2 lfo13; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #9cc2e5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Mekanisme (Mechanism): Bagaimana melakukannya? </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Mekanisme menentukan bagaimana melakukan sesuatu, kebijakan memutuskan apa yang akan dilakukan </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level2 lfo13; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #9cc2e5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Pemisahan kebijakan dari mekanisme adalah prinsip yang sangat penting, hal itu memungkinkan fleksibilitas maksimal jika keputusan kebijakan harus diubah nanti</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 107%;"><br clear="all" style="page-break-before: always;" /> </span> </span><br /> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 107%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #4f82bc; font-family: "symbol"; line-height: 107%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">Virtual Machine </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 107%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 107%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level2 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 107%;"> Virtual machine mengambil pendekatan berlapis untuk kesimpulan logis. Memperlakukan hardware dan kernel sistem operasi seolah-olah semuanya perangkat keras <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 107%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level2 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 107%;"> Sebuah mesin virtual menyediakan sebuah antarmuka yang identik dengan perangkat keras yang mendasari secara kasat mata <o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 107%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level2 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 107%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 107%;"> Sistem operasi menciptakan ilusi dari beberapa proses, masing-masing dieksekusi pada prosesor sendiri dengan memori (virtual) sendiri<o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level3 lfo14; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="color: #9cc2e5; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-size: large; line-height: 150%;">Virtual Machine<br /> </span></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvCyrxk_euG2CJskwwW3bVNIGLO60AUCEpqZlFyY4u3e295BKWxwx6gWiEKhIeAloMrLQSbrm4h8m0OYnjFKIuhfAi5zbOIuAi_Cc13yR9IIE2RTx7HeIrKBNy5lYyGr2iOI0sBvdKFXo/s1600/_PIC3_BAB2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="217" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvCyrxk_euG2CJskwwW3bVNIGLO60AUCEpqZlFyY4u3e295BKWxwx6gWiEKhIeAloMrLQSbrm4h8m0OYnjFKIuhfAi5zbOIuAi_Cc13yR9IIE2RTx7HeIrKBNy5lYyGr2iOI0sBvdKFXo/s320/_PIC3_BAB2.jpg" width="320" /></a></div> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"></span><br /> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="text-indent: -0.25in;">(a) Bukan Virtual machine (b) virtual machine</span></span></div> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> </span> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #4f82bc; font-family: "symbol"; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Operating System Generation</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level2 lfo15; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Sistem operasi dirancang untuk berjalan di salah satu dari suatu kelas mesin, sistem harus dikonfigurasi untuk setiap situs komputer tertentu </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level2 lfo15; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Program SYSGEN mendapatkan informasi mengenai konfigurasi khusus dari sistem perangkat keras </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level2 lfo15; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Booting - memulai komputer dengan me-load kernel </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level2 lfo15; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Bootstrap program - kode yang tersimpan dalam ROM yang mampu menemukan kernel, load ke memori, dan mulai eksekusi<o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 107%;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" /> </span> </span><br /> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 107%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #4f82bc; font-family: "symbol"; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">      </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Boot Sistem </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level2 lfo16; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Sistem operasi harus dibuat tersedia untuk perangkat keras sehingga perangkat keras dapat memulainya </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level2 lfo16; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Potongan kecil kode - bootstrap loader, menempatkan kernel, memuat ke memori, dan memulainya </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level2 lfo16; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Kadang-kadang proses dua langkah dimana boot block pada lokasi tetap memuat bootstrap loader </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level2 lfo16; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> Ketika power diinisialisasi pada sistem, eksekusi dimulai pada lokasi memori yg tetap </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div> <br /> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level3 lfo16; tab-stops: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"> <!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="IN" style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">›<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">     </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Firmware digunakan untuk menyimpan kode boot awal (misal BIOS)</span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 26.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>

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